Etchmiadzin Cathedral

The basics

Etchmiadzin Cathedral is a seat of the Armenian Apostolic Church, drawing Christian worshippers from all over the world. A UNESCO World Heritage Site, the complex is home to many stunning historic buildings and a picturesque garden. Etchmiadzin’s interior is decorated with frescoes and carvings, while the on-site Treasury Museum contains relics including fragments believed to be from Noah’s Ark, as well as the Holy Lance—the spear said to have pierced Jesus during his crucifixion.

While the cathedral can easily be visited independently, there are many tours that include a stop here. Half-day tours typically combine a visit to Etchmiadzin with Zvartnots Temple, while longer itineraries may also include landmarks like Garni Temple or Khor Virap and Geghard monasteries. Whether shared or private, guided tours have the added advantage of transportation—often including hotel transfers—and providing historical and cultural context.

Things to know before you go

• Dress modestly: Both men and women should keep their legs and arms covered, and avoid tight or revealing clothing.

• Speak softly during your visit and be respectful of the religious nature of the site. It’s a good idea to refrain from talking altogether if services are taking place, or if prayers are in session.

• Photography is often restricted to exterior shots of the complex. Be sure to ask in advance for guidelines before taking any pictures and always avoid flash photography, which can disturb worshippers and even damage fragile artworks.

• Etchmiadzin Cathedral has an on-site gift and souvenir shop. Credit cards are generally accepted, although it’s a good idea to have Armenian dram to hand.

How to get there

Etchmiadzin Cathedral is located around 12 miles (20 kilometers) west of Yerevan, the capital of Armenia. The journey takes around 20–30 minutes by car, depending on your starting point, while taxis and rideshare apps are readily available. Alternatively, get a train from Yerevan station to Etchmiadzin, then continue the rest of the way on foot. Guided tours typically include transportation.

When to get there

If you’d like to attend a service, plan to visit on a Sunday or special event. Armenia celebrates Etchmiadzin Day on the first Sunday of every September and the cathedral often leads special liturgies, where pilgrims from around Armenia and the world converge. For a quieter, more reflective experience, aim for a weekday morning.

Khachkars and other Armenian religious motifs

While in Etchmiadzin Cathedral, don’t miss the khachkars—the carved stone slabs that are features of churches and monasteries within Armenia, which typically depict floral or geometric designs, crosses, and figures of saints. Religious sites in Armenia often have frescoes and stone carvings, including angels, lions, and other sacred animals. For a more detailed overview, join a guided tour focused on religious architecture.